斯巴达克斯第三季

中新网北京7月11日电 11日晚，北京市体育局网站发布《北京市体育局关于有序恢复举办体育赛事活动的通知》(《通知》)称，按照“谁审批(备案)、谁负责”“谁主办、谁负责”“谁主管、谁负责”原则，在严格落实各项防控措施基础上，自7月12日起，有序恢复举办线下体育赛事活动。         China's new geological map of the moon Photo: Courtesy of Institute of Geology under the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (CAGS)
A massive new geological map of the moon, measuring about 2.8 meters long and 1.2 meters high, has recently made its debut in China, offering one of the most comprehensive portraits yet of the lunar surface and its billions of years of geological evolution.
Compiled by the Institute of Geology under the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (CAGS), together with the Institute of Geochemistry under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jilin University, Shandong University and China University of Geosciences (Beijing), the 1:5,000,000-scale Geological Map of the moon marks 13,519 impact craters, 81 impact basins, 14 types of geological structures and 17 rock types, and includes detailed inset maps of the lunar north and south poles.
More than simply a new rendering of the lunar surface, the map incorporates the latest findings from China's Chang'e lunar exploration program. Scientists involved in the project told the Global Times in exclusive interviews that the new map recalibrates key boundaries in the moon's geological chronology, updates the distribution of important lunar rock types and establishes a more systematic framework for interpreting the moon's evolution.
"The Chang'e-5 and Chang'e-6 missions have successively returned samples from the moon's near and far side, producing findings that have significantly changed our understanding of lunar evolution," Ding Xiaozhong, a researcher at the Institute of Geology under CAGS and a core member of the mapping team, told the Global Times.
Samples showed that volcanic activity on the moon continued until about 2 billion years ago - roughly one billion years later than previously thought under the conventional framework. Meanwhile, observations and samples from the lunar far side have provided new information about the composition and magmatic history of the moon's deep interior, Ding said.
"These new discoveries created an urgent need for a new and systematic geological map that could integrate the latest data and research results and establish an updated framework for understanding lunar geology," he noted.
The 1:5,000,000 scale was chosen with practical applications in mind. Compared with China's more detailed 1:2,500,000 lunar geological atlas released in 2024, the new map provides a more condensed, global view of the Moon, enabling researchers to quickly identify major geological relationships while also making it suitable for education, popular science and the early-stage planning of exploration missions.
Jin Ming, an associate researcher at the Institute of Geology under CAGS, told the Global Times that the project also represents an important step toward establishing a mature Chinese standard for planetary geological mapping. Its newly designed symbols, legends and color system have been certified as a group standard by the Geological Society of China, filling a gap in China's standardized rules for planetary geological mapping.
Although the latest project formally began in 2022 and took about four years to complete, Ding and Jin said its scientific foundations stretch back decades. Data accumulation and methodology development began with China's early lunar exploration missions, particularly after Chang'e-1 started returning scientific data. Several generations of Chinese planetary geologists have since developed a comprehensive system for lunar geological interpretation, remote-sensing data processing and map compilation.
One of the toughest challenges was bringing together enormous quantities of remote-sensing data obtained by different instruments, Jin said. Different payloads aboard the Chang'e probes produced data with varying resolutions and spectral characteristics, requiring specially developed algorithms as well as extensive manual verification to place them under a unified mapping standard.
"We had to make the different datasets compatible under the same system while striking a balance between scientific completeness and visual clarity - avoiding information overload without losing critical geological clues," Jin said.
China previously released the world's first 1:2,500,000-scale high-precision lunar geological atlas in 2024. The newly completed 1:5,000,000 map is therefore not simply a reduced-scale copy, the scientists stressed, but a scientific update incorporating newly available data and revised interpretations of lunar chronology, lithology and geological evolution.
China's new lunar geological map has achieved an all-round improvement over previous versions and is now at the international forefront, Ding said. 
We are the only country to have exclusive access to directly measured sampling data from the Chang'e-5 and Chang'e-6 missions. By using age anchors from lunar samples independently obtained by China to calibrate the geological chronology, this new data source and calibration system represents a core advantage of China."
Like Earth, which is divided into geological periods such as the Cambrian and Jurassic, the Moon also has a geological timescale. One of the most significant tasks behind the new map was to recalibrate that "lunar clock."
According to Jin, the recalibration draws on two major sources - the latest international isotopic dating results, including updated measurements of Apollo samples and lunar meteorites, and the precise age obtained from Chang'e-5 samples.
The latter provided an especially important chronological anchor. Radiometric dating of Chang'e-5 basalt has placed its age at roughly 2 billion years, demonstrating that lunar volcanism persisted far later than had once been assumed and substantially changing scientists' picture of the moon's late-stage thermal evolution.
Based on the updated evidence, the team refined the starting ages of several ancient lunar periods, including the Aitkenian, Nectarian and Imbrian periods, to approximately 4.33 billion, 4.17 billion and 3.92 billion years ago, respectively.
More significantly, the researchers used the 2-billion-year age boundary to divide the Eratosthenian into an early and a late epoch. The team said this marks the first time an age boundary derived from samples independently collected by China has been incorporated into such a detailed Chinese lunar geological chronology.
"The moon's story itself has not changed, but its timeline has," Jin said. "We once thought that major lunar volcanism had essentially cooled down about 3 billion years ago. Now we know that the Moon remained volcanically active until at least about 2 billion years ago. That means the thermal evolution of the lunar interior and many of the causal relationships in its later history need to be re-examined."
Ding highlighted a newly mapped rock type in the South Pole-Aitken Basin - gabbronorite - identified with the help of the latest Chang'e-4 and Chang'e-6 exploration results. 
The vast basin on the lunar far side is one of the moon's largest and oldest impact crater.
"This is like being able to directly see material from deeper inside the moon," Ding said. "Previously, much of this could only be inferred from remote-sensing observations. With Chang'e-4 in-situ exploration and Chang'e-6's returned samples, we now have much stronger evidence for identifying its existence and distribution."
Another important revision concerns KREEP, a lunar geochemical component enriched in potassium, rare-earth elements and phosphorus and commonly associated with elevated concentrations of radioactive heat-producing elements such as thorium and uranium.
According to Ding, earlier models suggested that KREEP-rich material was concentrated in a relatively limited area. Higher-resolution data used in the new mapping project indicate a broader and more continuous distribution than previously thought, suggesting that its abundance may have been underestimated.
Ding said the finding is scientifically important not only for assessing potentially resource-rich lunar materials, but also because the distribution of KREEP provides clues to the crystallization of the early lunar magma ocean, the thickness of the lunar crust and the moon's internal thermal evolution.
The map's colors also carry geological meaning. The team follows a principle of "lighter for younger, darker for older": relatively young Copernican impact materials are depicted in bright pale yellow, ancient Aitkenian impact materials in deep purplish red, while mare basalts are represented in varying shades of blue.
"The color system combines the logic of geological evolution with elements of traditional Chinese color aesthetics, giving China's lunar geological maps a distinctive scientific and visual identity," Ding said.
Beyond basic science, the researchers said the new geological map can serve as a strategic base map for China's future lunar exploration, including subsequent Chang'e missions and planning related to the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS).
A refined geological chronology can help scientists understand the age and modification history of candidate regions; updated rock mapping can identify areas of particular scientific or resource interest; and the global-scale representation allows mission planners to compare broad regions before moving to higher-resolution site studies.
Asked whether the map could directly support the Chang'e-7 and Chang'e-8 missions, Jin stressed that its role is primarily strategic rather than tactical.
"The 1:5,000,000 geological map is a global-scale foundational map. It can be used for broad comparisons of potential landing regions and for evaluating their overall geological context," Jin said. "Precise landing-site selection and detailed rover-route planning, however, require higher-resolution regional geological maps. The two work together, moving progressively from the global scale to finer regional scales."
The scientists also stressed that the map is intended to be shared with the international scientific community. Digital versions are expected to be released through professional publications and public scientific databases, while the standardized symbols and mapping rules could facilitate exchanges with other planetary geological mapping systems.
Ding said significant room remains for international cooperation, from comparing and translating different geological mapping standards to joint studies of the evolution of the lunar far side and the origin of the ancient South Pole-Aitken Basin.
"China possesses unique exploration data and returned lunar samples, which provide a strong foundation for cooperation," Ding said, adding that planetary science, scientific training and deep-space exploration technologies all offer potential areas for expanded exchanges.
"A precise geological map of the moon is an important foundation for humanity to explore deep space and understand the universe," Jin said.
The latest map, he noted, is not an endpoint. As China proceeds with subsequent lunar exploration missions and acquires new observations and samples, the geological picture of the Moon will continue to be refined.
"Future exploration will allow us to keep updating our understanding of lunar geology," Jin said. "At the same time, we hope these results can contribute to broader international scientific cooperation and to humanity's exploration of the moon."
。据悉，恢复办赛将严格落实风险评估、实名制管理、测温、扫码验码、查验48小时以内核酸、疫苗接种等措施。《通知》全文如下： 各区体育局，北京经济技术开发区社会事业局、燕山体育运动中心，各有关单位： 为高效统筹疫情防控与复工复产工作，满足市民多样化体育需求，按照“谁审批(备案)、谁负责”“谁主办、谁负责”“谁主管、谁负责”原则，在严格落实各项防控措施基础上，自2022年7月12日起，有序恢复举办线下体育赛事活动。

二 | 现就有关事宜通知如下： 一、恢复区域本市存在疫情中、高风险地区的行政区域内原则上暂不举办体育赛事活动。

三 | 其他地区在严格落实本市疫情防控部署要求的前提下，允许举办1000人(含组织服务保障人员和观众)以下规模的体育赛事活动；举办1000人以上规模的体育赛事活动，主办方须报属地政府审核评估后组织实施。国家对国际性、全国性体育赛事等另有规定的，从其规定。二、恢复办赛应具备的条件体育赛事活动组织方应征得比赛场馆属地同意，并严格按照市、区疫情防控要求和《北京市体育赛事活动新冠肺炎疫情常态化防控指引(第二版)》各项规定，严格落实风险评估、实名制管理、测温、扫码验码、查验48小时以内核酸、疫苗接种等措施。

禁止中高风险地区、健康码异常、行程不明及7日内有1例及以上本土新冠病毒感染者所在县(市、区、旗)旅居史、入境未完成“7天集中隔离+3天居家健康监测”的人员参赛。三、有关要求(一)落实防控责任。各地区、各单位要按照国家和本市防控工作统一部署，严格落实“四方责任”，加强组织领导，认真做好风险研判，科学统筹办赛计划，严格对照《北京市体育赛事活动新冠肺炎疫情常态化防控指引(第二版)》各项规定，落实落细各项防控措施，积极稳妥地做好体育赛事活动筹办工作。(二)坚持属地管理。各地区、各单位要进一步细化防控责任，坚持属地管理，加大对体育赛事活动的监督检查力度，督促指导赛事活动组织方严格落实疫情防控主体责任，认真落实各项防控措施。对防控责任和措施落实不到位的，要责令限期整改。

四 | 对防控责任不落实和整改措施不到位的，要依法依规进行处置，确保广大市民参与体育赛事活动过程中的安全和健康。(三)强化安全防范。

五 | 各地区、各单位要提高政治站位，强化底线思维，严格落实安全生产发展理念，结合疫情防控、汛期等风险因素，坚持问题导向，扎实开展安全生产大检查和隐患排查治理。建立健全体育赛事活动应急工作机制和“熔断”机制，加强应急演练，切实提高应对各类风险的水平，坚决克服侥幸心理和麻痹思想，确保人民群众生命安全和社会稳定有序。(四)主动公开信息。各级体育赛事活动的主办方或主办方委托的承办方均须在开赛前30日，登录北京市体育赛事活动信息管理平台(https://www.bjcac.org.cn/)，主动公开赛事名称、时间、地点、主办方、承办方等基本信息。如赛事活动取消或延期举办，及时进行信息更新。同时，鼓励赛事活动组织方通过包括政府网站在内的多种途径，主动向社会公布赛事信息、竞赛规程、“熔断机制”等内容。(完)